Solana RPC Working Principles
Solana RPC (Remote Procedure Call) serves as a critical interface for applications to interact with the Solana blockchain. Based on the JSON-RPC 2.0 protocol, it allows developers to access blockchain data and submit new transactions via RPC nodes. The working principles are as follows:
Basic Architecture
Solana RPC provides standardized API interfaces with primary functions including:
Data Query:
getBlock
to fetch block information.getBalance
to retrieve account balances.
Transaction Submission:
sendTransaction
to send signed transactions.
Event Subscription:
WebSocket for real-time on-chain activity monitoring (e.g., account changes, log updates).
Node Types and Roles
The Solana network includes two node types:
Validator Nodes: Participate in consensus and maintain blockchain state, typically not exposing RPC interfaces directly.
RPC Nodes: Designed for external requests, divided into:
Public RPC: Free to use but rate-limited (e.g., Solana official endpoint
api.mainnet-beta.solana.com
).Dedicated RPC: Provided by service providers, supporting high concurrency and low latency at a cost.
Request Processing Flow
Request Submission: Developers send requests to RPC nodes via APIs.
Validation: Nodes verify request legitimacy.
Data Query: Nodes retrieve local data (blocks, transactions, accounts, etc.).
Response: Results are returned to developers in JSON format:
Successful requests yield corresponding data.
Failed requests return error codes.
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